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LEVEL 3 · Market Structure & Order Flow · LESSON 11

Volume Profile

📖 Written guide

Learn how POC, VAH, and VAL describe the distribution of activity across prices.

Volume Profile groups trading activity by price across a selected range. It is a historical distribution view that helps describe where activity was concentrated.

Key concepts

POC (Point of Control)
The price level with the highest volume in the selected profile.
Value Area
A price region containing a target share of the profile's volume, according to the selected settings. A 68% setting is one starting point for study.
VAH and VAL
Value Area High (VAH) is the upper boundary; Value Area Low (VAL) is the lower boundary.

Learn it step by step

  1. 1Select a Session Profile and check the session boundaries.
  2. 2Display the POC and Value Area, then identify the VAH and VAL boundaries.
  3. 3Compare how distributions differ between sessions without treating any single level as a buy or sell signal.

The POC, Value Area, and its boundaries are calculations from selected data. They do not predict that price will pause or reverse there.

FREE TOOL FOR THIS LESSON

Volume Profile Guide

Review POC, VAH, VAL, and Session Profile basics.

Open tool

OFFICIAL REFERENCES

This lesson explains the concepts in its own words. Consult the current official guide for version-specific details.

Education note

This lesson covers NinjaTrader software, chart tools, market analysis, and risk-management concepts. It does not provide trade signals or return promises.